Dr Dan Jones, who conducted the study, describes it as “one of the most comprehensive real-world studies comparing glyphosate with the alternative methods in the UK."
The results concluded that "based on cost, environmental, customer and quality criteria...the most effective and sustainable weed control method for pavement weed control in the UK involves the use of glyphosate."
In 2021 Cardiff Council commissioned a trial to compare the full environmental impact, cost and efficacy of glyphosate-based weed control alternative methods (hot foam and acetic acid).