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The modern automobile, a complex system of mechanical, electrical and chemical systems that combines power with convenience to transport people and things, has profoundly affected the lives of most people on the planet. From the time it was first introduced in the late nineteenth century, it has revolutionized transportation and the development of cities, police, fire, ambulance and utility services. It has also enabled the growth of leisure activities such as shopping, restaurants and fast food, and has co
The many components that make up an automobile include the engine, suspension system, transmission and chassis, braking system, wheels and tires, and body. Like the human body, each of these components is arranged into several semi-independent systems that interact with and support each other. The engine, for example, consists of a combustion chamber, cylinders and tubes that deliver fuel and coolant. The wheels and tires are designed to grip the road, while the suspension system allows the automobile to fl
Most automobiles use gasoline as their fuel and are powered by an internal combustion engine. The fuel is burned, and the combustion products (carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons) are used to turn the crankshaft, which drives the transmission. The transmission converts the turning energy into speed, which is then delivered to the wheels by the drive shaft. The transmission can have different gears, allowing it to be driven at lower speeds for city driving or at higher speeds for highway driving.
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