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These cutaneous cysts are generated by the implantation of epidermal components in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Thus, the causes can be embryonic, traumatic or secondary to surgical procedures. Epidermal cysts are covered by stratified squamous epithelium with a granular layer. Hence, the name "sebaceous cyst" is a misnomer and may be confusing.
Clinically, they usually show as erythematous and sometimes painful nodules, often with a small opening on the surface, also called “punctum” which correspond to the communication of the cyst with the epidermal layer. These cysts may drain foul smelling and cheesy-like material and contain keratin, cholesterol and sometimes calcifications.
One of the problems with epidermal cysts is that they can be potent simulators of other lesions, especially when the wall of the cyst ruptures and the cyst become inflamed. Therefore, they can mimic pilomatrixomas, dermatofibromas, foreign bodies, among other lesions. Furthermore, to prevent recurrence, the wall of the cyst (that generates the keratin) should be completely removed.
Idiep – Instituto de investigacion y diagnostico por imagenes de piel y tejidos.
Ximena Wortsman
Ximena Wortsman
Ximena Wortsman
INSTITUTO IDIEP- Liderazgo Mundial en Ecografía Doppler Color Dermatologica en Chile
Ximena Wortsman
Ximena Wortsman